105 research outputs found
A note on the consensus time of mean-field majority-rule dynamics
In this work, it is pointed out that in the mean-field version of
majority-rule opinion dynamics, the dependence of the consensus time on the
population size exhibits two regimes. This is determined by the size
distribution of the groups that, at each evolution step, gather to reach
agreement. When the group size distribution has a finite mean value, the
previously known logarithmic dependence on the population size holds. On the
other hand, when the mean group size diverges, the consensus time and the
population size are related through a power law. Numerical simulations validate
this semi-quantitative analytical prediction.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Commentary and Reply available in Papers in
Physic
SIR epidemics in monogamous populations with recombination
We study the propagation of an SIR (susceptible-infectious-recovered) disease
over an agent population which, at any instant, is fully divided into couples
of agents. Couples are occasionally allowed to exchange their members. This
process of couple recombination can compensate the instantaneous disconnection
of the interaction pattern and thus allow for the propagation of the infection.
We study the incidence of the disease as a function of its infectivity and of
the recombination rate of couples, thus characterizing the interplay between
the epidemic dynamics and the evolution of the population's interaction
pattern.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Synchronization and structure in an adaptive oscillator network
We analyze the interplay of synchronization and structure evolution in an
evolving network of phase oscillators. An initially random network is
adaptively rewired according to the dynamical coherence of the oscillators, in
order to enhance their mutual synchronization. We show that the evolving
network reaches a small-world structure. Its clustering coefficient attains a
maximum for an intermediate intensity of the coupling between oscillators,
where a rich diversity of synchronized oscillator groups is observed. In the
stationary state, these synchronized groups are directly associated with
network clusters.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Synchronised firing induced by network dynamics in excitable systems
We study the collective dynamics of an ensemble of coupled identical
FitzHugh--Nagumo elements in their excitable regime. We show that collective
firing, where all the elements perform their individual firing cycle
synchronously, can be induced by random changes in the interaction pattern.
Specifically, on a sparse evolving network where, at any time, each element is
connected with at most one partner, collective firing occurs for intermediate
values of the rewiring frequency. Thus, network dynamics can replace noise and
connectivity in inducing this kind of self-organised behaviour in highly
disconnected systems which, otherwise, wouldn't allow for the spreading of
coherent evolution.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Duffing revisited: Phase-shift control and internal resonance in self-sustained oscillators
We address two aspects of the dynamics of the forced Duffing oscillator which
are relevant to the technology of micromechanical devices and, at the same
time, have intrinsic significance to the field of nonlinear oscillating
systems. First, we study the stability of periodic motion when the phase shift
between the external force and the oscillation is controlled -contrary to the
standard case, where the control parameter is the frequency of the force.
Phase-shift control is the operational configuration under which self-sustained
oscillators -and, in particular, micromechanical oscillators- provide a
frequency reference useful for time keeping. We show that, contrary to the
standard forced Duffing oscillator, under phase-shift control oscillations are
stable over the whole resonance curve. Second, we analyze a model for the
internal resonance between the main Duffing oscillation mode and a
higher-harmonic mode of a vibrating solid bar clamped at its two ends. We focus
on the stabilization of the oscillation frequency when the resonance takes
place, and present preliminary experimental results that illustrate the
phenomenon. This synchronization process has been proposed to counteract the
undesirable frequency-amplitude interdependence in nonlinear time-keeping
micromechanical devices
Avoiding extinction by migration: The case of the head louse
The possibility of spreading by migration, colonizing new spatial domains
suitable for development and reproduction, can substantially relieve a
biological population from the risk of extinction. By means of a realistic
computational model based on empirical data, we study this phenomenon for the
human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis. In particular, we show that a lice
colony infesting a single isolated host is prone to extinction by stochastic
population fluctuations within an interval of several months, while migration
over a relatively small group of hosts in contact with each other is enough to
insure the prevalence of the infestation for indefinitely long periods. We
characterize the interplay of the size of the host group with the host-to-host
contagion probability, which controls a transition between extinction of the
lice population and a situation where the infestation is endemic
Critical phenomena in the spreading of opinion consensus and disagreement
We consider a class of models of opinion formation where the dissemination of
individual opinions occurs through the spreading of local consensus and
disagreement. We study the emergence of full collective consensus or maximal
disagreement in one- and two-dimensional arrays. In both cases, the probability
of reaching full consensus exhibits well-defined scaling properties as a
function of the system size. Two-dimensional systems, in particular, possess
nontrivial exponents and critical points. The dynamical rules of our models,
which emphasize the interaction between small groups of agents, should be
considered as complementary to the imitation mechanisms of traditional opinion
dynamics.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure
- …